The recommended way to use the GnuPG crypto stack from your application is GPGME.
Python wrappers
- http://pyme.sourceforge.net/ SWIG generated wrapper
- https://launchpad.net/pygpgme manually written wrapper in C
C++ wrappers
- http://quickgit.kde.org/?p=kdepimlibs.git gpgme++ is a wrapper for gpgme in kdepimlibs